Laying roll



June 29,1926. 1,590,875

c; BARLOW ET AL LAYING ROLL Filed May 13, 1924 Z SheetS-Sheet 1 l i q .9- p n v .32- 22 if 3 .2 .34 4i F.

T'IHHWU 0005000035 0 i t o o o o oo o o o c 1 r 00020 0 0 .2 0 0 09 0 0 q m K I f'. H 1 '1 v 21 O 1 i I I o I I o l o o i Q l NH I 1 I O 0 I 0 O INVEN TORS 19 (one Barlow Mam TTORNEY 6. BARLow ET AL June 29 1926.

LAYING ROLL Filed May 13. 1924 2 Sheets-Sheet 2 M d ay m2 0 12 M C a w w Y 3 o\.

v INVENTORS 0226 Barlow am? Edward]? fbelhA TTORNEY rmma 29, me.

UNITED STATES PATENT, OFFICE.

com: BABLOW Ann nnwnnn RICHARD cnarr, or DONNAGONA, cosmic, swank.

name now Application fled lay 1a, an, serial No. 712,959, and in Canada January 11, 1924.

'This invention relates to an improved mechanism orattachment adapted to be incorporated in or afiixed to a machine which ma es a'commodity in web or sheet form,

5 such for example, as a web or sheet of paper.

In particular, the invention relates to the provision of novel means to cooperate with certain parts of machines, of the class to which reference has been made, to produce greater uniformity of web structure and consequently a web or sheet of much greater strength than has heretofore been produced. It has been found that when this novel means or attachment has been incorporated n a paper making machine there are many advantageous results derived in the operation of the machine and in the quality of the product-produced. In operating the machine it is found that the resulting sheet be- 9 comes somewhat more hardened and compact than. heretofore, and one of the benefits of this result is that it permits the machine to be run or operated at a desired speed with greater )operating efliciency. Also, that there results an increase in intensity in' the vacuum (as will be later described) which permits the extraction of a greater amount of 'water from the paper sheet at an advantageous point of its travel through the machine. A particular advantage of the use of this arttachment is that the final sheet of paper issuing from the paper machine has a much higher finish than has heretofore been possible to obtain "on a machine not provided with our improved attachment; Other advantages, as will hereinafter appear, flow from the use of the present invention.

While for the purpose of illustration the invention will hereinafter be described as applied topa er-making machines, it should be underst' that the invention is not limited in its use 't0 such machines but that it may be a plied to'other machines in which a comm ity in web or sheet form is manufactured or is 0 rated upon.

In practice, in the manufacture of pa r, the desired mixture of waterand wood fi res flows, as is well known in the art, from a suitable sourceof supply to a movin Four-' drinier wire or screen through WlllCh the water may be drained by gravityor be drawn by suction, thereby causing the fibres to interengage and knit with one another to form the web or sheet of paper; From the wire or screen the web passes to endless felt belts and through sets or batteries of pressing rollers and heating or drying rollers to emerge as paper to be used for various purposes, as, for example, newspapers, books, and the like.

As is well known in the paper manufactur- B0 ing art, the felt belts pass between the pressing rollers, and that the pressing rollers are so arranged in series that they are. known as the first press, second press, third press, etc.

In the operation of a paper making machine, as the water drains through the Fourdrinier wire, the wood fibres become more closely associated and commingle and interengage to form the web or sheet. In many instances it is desirable to provide at one or more places near the wire suitable positively acting agencies to assistin removing the desired amount of water from the fibres, and for this purpose there is preferably provided suction or vacuum means. In' the paper machines as at present constructedone of these suction "devices is suitably mounted in the couch roll around which the endless Fourdrinier wire passes as the sheet leaves the wire to pass toanother part of the' machine. Other suction, devices if desired may be located at different positions under the wire.

It has been found from experience that the suction is very advantageous .in withdrawing the water, but it is also found that I it acts to disturb the normal interenga ement or knitted condition of the fibres or the' reason that the suction draws the'fibres toward the o enings inthe wire or screen, thus bunching t e fibres and up-ending some of them. The resulting sheet of paper is found to be woolly in nature, weakin strength and non-uniform in structure 95 instead of a smoothly knit, strong, fibrous structure. I

The main object of this invention is to provide means for preventing distortion or disturbance of the elements in a web or sheet being manufactured or treated, and as relating to paper-making machines, is to provide a novel and improved ap aratus or attachment to cause the W -fibres to be maintained in their proper distributed resheet of paper having qualities of strength and uniformity of structure, there flows numerous advantages among which are the following: The paper sheet has a much higher finish than heretofore obtaintable thereby making it more suitable for writing and printing purposes. The intensity of the suction or. vacuum is increased thereby withdrawing the water more completely from the web. Another and great advantage is that the machine may be run at de sired speed with greater operating eficiency thereby increasing the efficient production of the machine. Afurther advantage is that there is a hardening of the sheet, which automatically results when there is woven.- ness or uniformity of web structure.

Inasmuch as the invention is not restricted to use alone in paper-making machines, this invention may be considered broadly as having for one of its objects the provision of such a new and useful a paratus or attachment as will cause the e ements or ingredients in a web or sheet to be laid down or pressed together in such pre-determined relationship that the relationship will be substantially maintained while the parts of the web or sheet are being acted upon by outside agencies.

A preferred form of application of this invention is illustrated in the accompanying drawings, wherein:

Figure 1 is. a top plan view showing the invention applied to so much of a papermaking mac ine as isnecessary for the purpose of illustration.

Fig. 2 is an end elevation of the structure shown in Fig. 1, and

Fig. 3 is a view in cross-section taken along the line 3-3 in Fig; 1.

As herein disclosed, an endless Fourdrinier screen or wire 10 asses around a couch roll 11 having a per orated shell 12, and the web or sheet of paper passes beneath a dance roll 13 to the felts, drying cylinders, pressing rolls and other instrumentalities used in completing the manufacture of the pa er. The dance roll 13 serves to equalize t e tension exertedonthefrom the web before it passes from the couch roll 11, provision may be made of suitable suction means comprising a suction chamber 16 extending the length of the couch roll and having two walls 17 extending to the inner surface of the perforated shell 12 and having in grooves in their edges suitable packing strips 18 engaging the 1nner surface of the shell to limit the area of the suction field and therefore render the suction more efiective. The water and other.

matter drawn into the couch roll 11 by the suction passes out of the suction chamberthrough a suitable pipe 19.

l-leretofore, the newly-formed paper web has in passing over the mouth of the suction chamber 1'2 been subjected to such disturbance of fibre structure or formation by the drawing oi the fibres into groups at the openings in the perforated shell 12, that the. resulting fibrous paper web 14 assumes a woolly character instead of the smoothly knitted fibrous structure desired. As a re,- sult of such suction action the web is so weakened that it is liable to' breakage as it is drawn from the couch roll 11 under the dance roll- 13 which, for the purpose of equalizing the tension of the web, is journaled inv bearih blocks 20 and slidable in brackets 21 pro ecting from the frame 15.

By employing. our improved attachment the fibre structure is suficiently set or pressed together and the voids in the web or sheet structure are sutficiently sealed to prevent distortion or grouping of the fibres when the suction agency becomes eiiective. Thus we are enabled to obtain the smoothly knitted fibrous structure so much desired.

With the voids in the sheet thus substantially sealed, it is found that the intensity of the vacuum automatically increases and more water is withdrawn from the. sheet.

According to one form of the invention, the above-mentioned injurious defects in the paper web are avoided by the use of a fibre sufliciently firmly set or pressed to ether and disturbance of the fibre structure y the action of the vacuum or suction is prevented. Preferably the roll 22 is of iron usually covered by soft rubber of about 120 plastometer density and is so mounted in this instance as to be rotatable by direct contact with the wire 10 and paper web 14. From experiments and operating experience we find that thoroughly satisfactory results are obtained when the line of such rolling contact is about one inch inside the forward limit of the suction chamber at the left in Figure 3.

The fibre-laying roll 22 is suitably journaled in bearing blocks 23 slidable in frames 24.to and from the couch roll 11 and the position of the roll 22 is determined by screws 25 threaded into the blocks 23 and journaled in place 26 in whichthey are held against downward movement by collars 27 which maybe inte ral 'with'bevel gears 28.' Said gears 28 mes with other bevel gears on a shaft 29 journaled in ears 30 projecting upwardly from the plates 26. Mounted on one end -of the shaft 29 is a hand wheel 31'by which the shaft 29 may be turned to raise or lower both ends of the roll 22 at the same time and in equal relation. By virtue of this arrangement the position of the roll 22 on the wire and couch roll may be varied .as desired.

To prevent adherence of any aper fibres to the fibre laying roll 22, provision is made of a shower pipe 32 supported on the brackets 33 and having at short intervals spray nozzles 34 from which a fine water spray may play on the surface of the fibre-laying roll. A deflecting plate 35 running the entire length of the roll and supported by clips 36 from the shaft 29 serves to deflect and concentrate the spray on the surface of the roll 22 and to prevent the spray from com ing into contact with the dance roll 13 and the web 14 as it leaves the suction couch roll and is guided by the dance roll to the first felt.

It will, therefore, be seen from the foregoing description of our improved device or attachment, that it is simple in construction and operation, and that the employment of the device produces many advantageous results One of the main results or benefits tions of fibres which have heretofore other undesirable trou les, of about twelve percent dryness. To obtain this condition, various devices have been provided. )ne of the most successfully operating devices for this purpose, being .the suction chamher or box mounted in the couch roll. This device alone, however, does not at all times operate successfully to extract sufiicient amount of water so that the sheet will be of proper dryness when it passes in'the first press. y I p By incorporating our improved attachment in the paper making machine at the preferred position, i. e., above the suction box located in thecouch roll, it has been found that there has been no trouble in bringin the paper sheetto the proper. dryness be ore it enters the first press.

Flowing from the use of our improved attachment as has heretofore been stated, the intensit materia y increases. For this reason the vacuum or suction draws from the pa er sheet a much larger quality of water. T is of course, being due to the fact that the fibres are maintained in their desired even distribution and intermingled condition, thereby substantial eliminating the voids or openings throng which air has heretofore been drawn. The voids or openings being formed as heretofore noted, by the action of the vacuum in drawing the fibres to the openings in the Fourdrinier wire. j In .many instances, it has been found that when our improved device has been adjusted in position that the vacuum has risen from twelve inches to fifteen inches. automatic increase in the vacuum intensity it will readiiy be seen that by the removal of the proper. amount of water, the sheet is quickly brought to the desired percentage of dryness.

While it has herein been stated that the fibre-layingroll 20, may be positioned at any desired place along the Fourdr'inier wire, and that the preferred position of this fibreiaying roll is over the suction box mounted in the couch roll, it is to be understood that more than one of the fibre-laying rolls may be employed if desired. As for instance one may be placed near one of the forward suction boxes and another may be of the vacuum in the couch roll- From this ize 7 turb the proper relation of the fibres.

placed over the suction box mounted in the the air-current passing means to set the couch roll. The advantages of these rolls fibrous structure to being that they so lay the fibres that the tion of the fibres action of the vacuum or suction will not disair current. 3. ha paper-making machine having a In the operation of the'ordinary paper -Fourdrinier wire therein, the combination making machine it is necessary that adjustwith such a traveling wire 'or screen on ments of the positions of the suction box which a paper web is formed, of a perfoin the couch roll and of the heating and rated couch roll around which thewire passes pressing rolls be made at short intervals of at its delivery end, and -a suction chamber time. If these adjustments are not--made,' havin walls contacting with the inner-face it is found that breaks in the paper-sheet of said couch roll to determine a suction occur at frequent intervals and that the refield at. the periphery of said eeueh roll; of sulting sheet of paper is not of good uality. a fibre-laying roll positioned to engage the prevent changes of posi- 1n the material by the B incorporating one of our improve fibreweb just inside the edge of the suctionlaying rolls in the preferred sition ove field to so set the fibres o the web as to prethe suction b X in the Cou h 1 I h e vent disturbance of the fibrous formation by found that the ad'ustments of this S ctl n the suction, and means to maintain the fibre- .box to take care of t e quick wear of the packlaying roll in clean condition to assure efii- 'ing stri s18 does not have to made so i t ti th of,

often. y reason of the increase in strength 4, I a ki hi h i a 'of the paper sheet resulting from the use f Fourdrinier. wire therein, the combination our improved fibre-laying roll We find h with such a traveling wire or screen on the adjustments the heating and PIBSSlIlg which a paper web is formed a, perforated rollers do not have to be so'closely watched. couch ll around hi h th i passes By reason of th advantages It W111 be at its delivery end, and a suction chamber not-ed that there is a greater latitude in the I having Walls contacting with the inner face safe running of the paper Illa-Chine Whilev of said couch roll to determine a suction at the same time providlng a much higher fi ld t th periphery f id couch 11;-

grade or quality of papei. It W l of a fibre-laying roll positioned to engage from the foregoing thetwh 01H improifed the web just inside the edge of the suction device is incorporated in a pap machlne field to so set the fibres of the web as to prethat there is obtained a much high r P vent disturbance of the fibrous formation by ng fli ency' am e than has the suction, and a spray device extending fore been possible. along the efiective length of said fibre-laying It will be understood that while We have mil to throw a spray of Water thereon imherein described in detail a particular emdi t ly prior to ngagement of the web bodiment of our invention for purposes of b th Sprayed fa e, full disclosure, and some detailed features, 5, In a pap r aking machin having a which we are specifically claiming f r Fourdrinier type of wire therein, the comsp ecial advantage, many changes and modlbination with such a traveling wire or screen fications may be made in the particular conn which a paper web is formed, a perfostruction and arrangement of parts Withou rated couch roll around which the wire passes departing fro he br ad scope o our i at its delivery end, and a suction chamber Vention which is outhned 1n the sub o1ned having walls contacting with the, inner face claims. of said couch roll to determine a suction field Having thus described our inven We at the periphery of said couch roll,-of a fibreclalm: layin roll positioned to enga e the web 1. Ina machine for the manufact e of just inside the edge of the suction field to web 0f fibrous material, the OOIXlblnfitlOn of so et, the fibres of the web as to prevent.

a suction device to act on said web, a sc e n disturbance of the fibrous formation by the for supporting the web as it passes said su suction, a spray device extending along the tion device, and means positioned to act on ff ti l th of aid fibre-1 i ll t said Web substantially as it enters the field throw a spray of water thereon immediately of action of the suction devlce to set the prior to engagement of the web by the fibres of the web in order to prevent distorsprayed surface, and a baflle late to prevent tion thereof by the suction device. the passage of water from t e spray device 2. In a machine for manufacturing a web over the top of the fibre-laying roll.

of fibrous material, the combination with 6. In a paper making machine'having a 7 means to pass a current of air through the Fourdrinier type of wire therein, the comweb as the latter passes such means in its bination with a suction couch roll over which movement through the machine, means to passes the Fourdrinier wire with a newlysupport the web against such current of air, formed paper web thereon, of means for comand means acting on said web substantially pacting said web adjacent the beginning of at the beginning of the field of action of the suction field of said couch roll.

7. Ina paper makin machine having :1 comprising a roll having a cover of soft Fourdfinier wire therein, the combination rubber. with a suction couch roll over which passes In testimony whereof we have signed our 10 the Fourdrinier wire with a newly-formed names to this specification. 5 aper web thereon, of means for 1a ing the fibres at the beginnin of the suction field CONE BARLOW. of the couch roll, sue fibre-laying means EDWARD R; CLAPP. 

